He was the seventh son of Mạc Kính Điển. The emperor Mạc Kính Chỉ was captured by Trịnh lord in 1593, he was enthroned by Mạc Ngọc Liễn in Lạng Sơn. In the next year, he was defeated by Hoàng Đình Ái and fled to Longzhou, China.

Cung came back to Vietnam occupied Cao Bằng in 1596. He was attacked by Trịnh lord, and sought aid for Ming China. Trịnh lord had to recognized his dominant position in Cao Bằng under the pressure of Ming China.

In 1600, Bùi Thị, the mother of Mạc Mậu Hợp, rebelled in Thang Long and summoned him. Trịnh Tùng recaptured Thang Long and executed Bùi Thị, then defeated Cung in Hải Dương. Cung fled back to Cao Bằng.

In 1625, Trịnh Kiều (son of Trịnh Tráng) attacked Cao Bằng and captured him. He was executed in Thang Long.

原為莫朝敦厚王。1593年被西國公阮敬之子莫玉輦擁立為帝，據文蘭州，改元乾統。海陽、京北各處支持莫朝的勢力得知莫敬恭即位，紛紛率部歸附。阮潢率兵前往征討，用火攻計，大破佔據海陽的壯王莫敬章部。海陽、山南一帶悉被平定。次年莫玉輦挾莫敬恭據安博縣，但又被後黎朝所敗。莫玉輦、莫敬恭奔思明府，稱臣於明朝。在後黎朝的攻勢下，莫朝的將軍紛紛叛降。莫敬恭和莫玉輦逃亡明朝的龍州，發兵騷擾諒山一帶。

1600年，莫茂洽的庶母裴氏在昇龍自稱國母，號召莫朝的支持者起兵，並迎接莫敬恭歸國。莫敬恭率部試圖回到昇龍，但被鄭松擊敗。兵敗至金城縣，不久退往高平。1618年，鄭松率軍北伐，攻擊太原。1621年，莫敬恭讓位於其侄慶王莫敬寬，據守大慈縣，尊莫敬恭為太上皇。

1625年，鄭梉派遣鄭橋進攻高平，擒獲莫敬恭，押往清化斬首。莫敬寬則出奔明朝。

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