Life

Fei Shi was from Nan'an County (南安縣), Qianwei Commandery (犍為郡), which is around present-day Leshan, Sichuan. He originally served under Liu Zhang, the Governor of Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing), as the Prefect of Mianzhu County (綿竹縣).

In 214, after the warlord Liu Bei seized control of Yi Province from Liu Zhang, Fei Shi came into the service of Liu Bei. Between 214 and 219, Fei Shi held a number of appointments in Liu Bei's administration, including Administrator (太守) of Zangke Commandery (牂牁郡). Around 219, after Liu Bei declared himself King of Hanzhong, he tasked Fei Shi with travelling to Jing Province to inform Guan Yu about his appointment as General of the Vanguard (前將軍).

In 221, when Liu Bei declared himself emperor and established the Shu Han state, Fei Shi wrote a memorial to express his strong objection to Liu Bei's coronation. He argued that Liu Bei should not declare himself emperor until he had vanquished Shu's rival state, Cao Wei, which replaced the Eastern Han dynasty in 220; he cited the example of Liu Bang, the founder of the Han dynasty, who only declared himself emperor after defeating his rival Xiang Yu in the Chu–Han Contention. Liu Bei was so displeased that he had Fei Shi imprisoned and later demoted to serve as a low-ranking official in Yongchang Commandery (永昌郡) in the remote southern parts of Shu.

In 225, Fei Shi accompanied Zhuge Liang on the southern campaign against rebel forces in southern Shu's Nanzhong region. Later, when Zhuge Liang launched a series of military campaigns against Shu's rival state Wei, Fei Shi remained in the Shu capital Chengdu to handle domestic affairs. He was appointed as a Counsellor Remonstrant (諫議大夫) sometime after Zhuge Liang's death in 234, when Jiang Wan was the head of government in Shu. He died not long later.

Fei Shi had one son, Fei Li (费立).

生平

劉璋治理益州時，被任為綿竹令。212年，劉備與劉璋決裂，進攻綿竹，費詩率先舉城投降。後平定成都，劉備領益州牧，以費詩為督軍從事，後轉為牂牁太守，再為州前部司馬。

219年，劉備自立為漢中王，派費詩拜關羽為前將軍，但關羽知道黃忠為後將軍，與他同位，關羽怒說：「大丈夫怎樣也不會和一個老兵同列！」不肯受拜。費詩對關羽說：「建立王業的人，都不是只用一人。當年蕭何、曹參與漢高祖少小而為舊親，而陳平、韓信亡命逃來在後，但論到其班列，韓信居於最上，而未聽過蕭何、曹參因此而怨恨。現今漢中王以一時的功勞，提升漢升（黃忠），但說到意義的輕重，豈會與君侯（關羽）相提並論呢！而且王與君侯（關羽），有如一體，一起憂戚，禍福同享，我認為君侯你，不宜計算官號的高低，爵祿的多少而在意。我只是一介的使節，奉命辦事的人，君侯如不受拜，那我便歸還，但比較一下此舉動的確甚為可惜，恐怕而後會有悔恨呀！」關羽有所感悟，便立即受拜。

後來，群臣議論想推舉劉備登基為皇，費詩上疏道：「殿下因曹操父子偪主篡位，所以寄居萬里之遠的他鄉，集合士眾，率軍討賊。現今大敵未戰勝，而先自立，恐怕人心疑惑。昔漢高祖與楚盟約，先破秦的人為王。後劉邦攻佔咸陽，獲得子嬰，仍然推讓不作王，何況今天殿下還未出門庭，便想自立呢！愚臣誠心認為殿下不能這麼做。」於是被以不順從旨意為名，降官為永昌從事。

225年，隨諸葛亮南征，勝利後回至漢陽縣，降人李鴻來拜會諸葛亮。諸葛亮接見李鴻，當時蔣琬和費詩都在座。李鴻說：「當日孟達在許都，剛巧見到王衝從南來降，來說孟達投降後的事，他說明公（諸葛亮）心恨切齒，想誅殺孟達的妻兒，幸好先皇不聽。不過孟達說：『諸葛亮做事有先後次序，終不會這樣做。』所以都不信王衝之言，現在已經拜託明公了，不有複求了。」諸葛亮對蔣琬、費詩說：回去後便與子度書信問候。但費詩卻說：「孟達這個小子，以前的聲名就已經是不忠，後又背叛先皇，反覆的人，不足以我們書信給他呀！」諸葛亮聽後默然不答。

不過，諸葛亮仍想讓孟達作為外援，方便北伐，就與孟達書信，而孟達得到諸葛亮書信後，開始謀求對策，叛魏投蜀。不過魏大將司馬懿卻早已料到，用極快的時間擊敗孟達。諸葛亮亦因孟達無款誠的心，所以不救助他。後來，蔣琬執政，任費詩為諫議大夫，後在家裡逝世。

三國演義

65回費詩隨劉璋投降，73回提及勸關羽接受將軍封號，91回提及名字。演義沒有提及費詩不同意劉備登基被貶一事。

特徵

費詩說話、分析都有條理，較率直。不過在劉備登基為皇一事上，習鑿齒認為過於規範，不懂調變，而裴松之亦贊同。

家庭

子

• 費立，費詩之子。晉朝時任散騎常侍。

評價

《三國志》評曰：「霍峻孤城不傾，王連固節不移，向朗好學不倦，張裔膚敏應機，楊洪乃心忠公，費詩率意而言，皆有可紀焉。以先主之廣濟，諸葛之準繩，詩吐直言，猶用陵遲，況庸後乎哉！」

習鑿齒曰：「夫創本之君，須大定而後正己，纂統之主，俟速建以系眾心，是故惠公朝虜而子圉夕立，更始尚存而光武舉號，夫豈忘主徼利，社稷之故也。今先主糾合義兵，將以討賊。賊強禍大，主沒國喪，二祖之廟，絕而不祀，苟非親賢，孰能紹此？嗣祖配天，非咸陽之譬，杖正討逆，何推讓之有？於此時也，不知速尊有德以奉大統，使民欣反正，世睹舊物，杖順者齊心，附逆者同懼，可謂闇惑矣。其黜降也宜哉！」