Ye Zhichao (葉志超; 1838-1901) was a Chinese general of the
Qing Dynasty who fought in the First Sino-Japanese War, being the commander of Qing forces stationed in
Korea.
An aging veteran of the Nian Rebellion, he sided in November 1891 with Chinese secret society called Jindandao (金丹道), who rose in revolt in Inner Mongolia and massacred 150,000 - 500,000 Mongols. When Li Hongzhang, Governor-General of Chinese Zhili Province, dispatched Ye Zhichao, Commander-in-chief of Zhili, to suppress the rebels, he falsely reporting to the imperial court in Beijing that the Mongol banner army killed innocent Chinese. Prince Vangdudnamjil, the jasagh of the Kharachin Right Banner, who was consulted with by the imperial court, successfully rebutted General Ye's claim with a detailed report
As commander of the Zhili provincial troops under Li Hongzhang when the Sino-Japanese war broke out in 1894, General Ye initially led the 3,000 Chinese army at Asan, but when they were driven out of the city by the Imperial Japanese Army and he retreated north to Pyongyang. Following the defeat at Pyongyang by the Japanese in September 1894, Ye Zhichao ordered the Chinese defenders to retreat over the Yalu River (which marked the border between China and Korea) into Qing territory. General Ye was sentenced to death for his failures, but managed to avoid being executed due to his guanxi connections. He was also reputed to be an opium addict.
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葉志超（1838年 - 1901年），字
曙青，勇號
額圖渾巴圖魯，安徽合肥人，淮軍將領。
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生平
早年以淮軍末弁跟從劉銘傳討伐捻軍，積功至總兵。戰淮城受傷，仍奮擊，逐北天長，又敗之汊河，賜號額圖渾巴圖魯。光緒初年，署正定鎮總兵，率練軍守新城，為大沽後路，後徙防山海關。光緒九年（1883年），李鴻章薦其優智略，實授定鎮總兵。光緒十五年（1889年），擢直隸提督。光緒十七年（1891年），率軍討伐熱河金丹道教匪，平建昌，連克榆林、沈家窩館、貝子廟，釋下長皋圍，進攻烏丹城，殺李國珍，獲賞黃馬褂、世職。
光緒二十年（1894年），朝鮮爆發東學黨之亂，朝鮮政府向清政府請求援軍，李鴻章令葉志超選練軍1500人，率太原總兵聶士成頓牙山。葉志超遲留不進，被李鴻章所責，只得出發。而日軍已據王京要隘，牙山兵甚單，駐朝商務委員袁世凱數約葉志超電請北洋發戰艦赴仁川，增陸軍駐馬坡。但李鴻章恐怕增兵會成為日方的藉口，而拒絕增兵，並告戒葉志超毋啟釁。不久，高升商輪運兵近豐島，被日軍擊沉。聶士成對葉志超說：「海道既梗，牙山絕地，不可守。公州背山面江，勢便利，戰而勝，可據以待援；不勝，猶得繞道出也。」葉志超聽從。日軍攻成歡，聶士成戰敗，退到公州，但葉志超已棄守公州，兩人退守平壤。葉志超偽稱成歡一役獲勝請功，得賞銀二萬犒軍，任平壤總統統領各軍。
葉志超意甚滿，每日置酒高會，徒築壘環砲為守。平壤之戰，左寶貴戰死、葉志超北逃，清軍大敗。葉志超逃到安州，聶士成認為安州險奧，可以固守，但葉志超不聽，再逃到定州，亦棄而不守。最後渡過鴨綠江逃回中國境內。清廷知道後，葉志超被奪職，李鴻章曾請葉志超留營效力，但清廷不准。次年，械送北京，判斬監候。光緒二十六年（1900年），獲赦歸鄉。光緒二十七年（1901年），逝世。
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