Biography

He came from Qingyuan Prefecture (now Yinzhou of Ningbo City in Zhejiang).

Cheng Duanli was very talented in the childhood, at the age of 15 he was able to recite the "Six Classics" and had a good knowledge of the Cheng-Zhu school. He studied under Shǐ Méngqīng (史蒙卿) and spent a lifetime teaching scores of students.

He became the director of Jiandong Academy. He also served in official educational positions. He wrote a book Chronological Syllabus for Study in the Cheng Family School, which used Zhu Xi's educational ideas to understand the canon.

He supported a focused reading method and a graded approach to learning, which had to begin with Elementary learning and continue to studying of history and prose.

Cheng Duanli's writings strove to enshrine Confucian orthodoxy. His best-known work was The Graded Everyday Schedule of Study (程氏家塾讀書分年日程). Published in 1315, it corresponded with the re-opening of the system of Imperial Examination (that had mostly been defunct during the Yuan Dynasty rule) and was adopted officially across China posthumously earning its author an entry in Yuanshi, the official history of the dynasty. The legacy of his book lasted further through Ming and Qing, serving as the basis of school curricula.

生平

少年時就極有讀書天分，15歲就能背誦《六經》，知曉分析其中的大義，並治朱子學。曾求學于史蒙卿。歷任建平縣、建德縣兩縣儒學教諭。曾任稼軒書院、江東書院的山長。後任台州路、衢州路儒學教授、鉛山州學儒學教諭。後以將仕郎、台州路儒學教授致仕。回鄉後，郡太守王元恭聘請他為老師。

著述

生前學生眾多。程氏著述行文明白、純實，尊奉儒學正統。代表著作有：

• 《讀書日程》，後世稱《程氏家塾讀書分年日程》

• 《春秋本義》

• 《畏齋集》

其中《讀書日程》一書在後世影響尤大。詳細記載闡述讀經、讀史等儒家學習程式。該書後世稱為家塾、書院教學的範式。當時元朝國子監也頒此書于天下各地郡邑學校。明朝諸生也奉此書為研讀準繩。清朝繼續刊行，也是清朝流傳極廣的家塾、書院、儒學進修讀本。

參考鏈接

延伸閱讀