Empress Wang (1427-1507) was a Chinese Empress consort of the
Ming Dynasty, married to the
Jingtai Emperor.
Wang was married to Jingtai in 1449. When the elder brother of Jingtai was taken prisoner by the Mongols later that year, Jingtai became emperor, and Wang was given the position of empress by his side. Empress Wang had two daughters with the emperor, but no son. In May 1452, Jingtai declared the son of his secondary Consort Hang heir to the throne. At the same time, he promoted Hang to the position of empress, being the mother of the crown prince, and demoted Wang and stripped her of the title.
After her demotion, the ex-empress Wang lived a quiet life outside of the palace walls. She survived the deposition and death of Jingtai in 1457, when the rest of his concubines and spouses were ordered to commit suicide. The reason for this was possibly because she had assisted the nephew of her spouse, the future Chenghua Emperor, to hide from Jingtai.
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孝淵景皇后(1427年 - 1506年),汪氏,
明景帝朱祁鈺廢后,順天人。
Read more...: 生平 子女
生平
汪氏姿色美麗,正統十年(1445年),冊汪氏為郕王妃。正統十四年(1449年)秋,明英宗朱祁鎮因土木堡之變被俘,郕王朱祁鈺登基為帝,冊汪妃為皇后。汪皇后生下女兒,沒有生下兒子。
汪皇后性格剛毅偏執,心懷仁德,見京師諸死事及老弱遇害者暴尸荒野之時,心懷不忍,令官校掩埋安葬。景泰二年(1451年)正月,汪皇后還發出懿旨,過問度僧事宜。景泰三年(1452年),代宗欲立自己的兒子(杭貴妃所生)朱見濟為太子,而廢原太子朱見深(代宗侄子,英宗長子),汪皇后竭力反對,因而觸怒代宗,被廢,杭妃被立為皇后。
景泰八年(1457年)一月,代宗病重,奪門之變後,英宗複位,降代宗為郕王,汪氏複稱郕王妃。天順元年(1457年),郕王逝世後,英宗讓其後宮嬪妃殉葬。當論及汪氏殉葬與否時,李賢不贊同,以汪氏已廢且幽禁深宮,況兩女年幼,應不予殉葬。朱見深複立為太子後,知道汪氏當年支持繼續以他為太子,因而對汪氏相當孝敬,亦上言于英宗。經英宗同意,汪氏得以活命,從宮中遷至郕王府。昔日英宗被俘後,錢皇后在宮日夜為丈夫奔忙憂勞,汪皇后也時常安慰她,慰恤有如妯娌。及至出宮,在錢皇后的照顧下,汪氏得以將所有私產和服侍她的宮女太監都帶出宮中。汪氏在外府齋素事佛。每至歲時令節,孫太后與錢皇后必召汪氏入宮中飲宴,敘家人禮。一天,明英宗想起自己的一件玉玲瓏來,問太監劉桓,對曰被汪氏拿去,命內官去拿回來。內官再三索取,汪氏皆對曰「無有」。其左右勸汪氏歸還玉玲瓏,汪氏稱:「是實有之,但景帝雖廢,亦嘗為天子七年,一腰系,何不可消受,乃迫取耶。且景之天下尚歸之上,何有此數片玉。當上索時,吾實怒而投之井矣。」明英宗不快。後又有太監稱汪氏出宮時,所攜甚多,英宗命人沒收她從皇宮帶走的全部財物,得銀二十萬兩,他物稱是。
憲宗即位後,因昔日汪氏曾保護自己,對其厚禮優待。汪氏二女稍長,隨其母親齋素,並矢志不下嫁。憲宗強之,始嫁其一女于王憲。汪氏父親汪瑛先封為都督,于天順改元之後降為兵馬指揮使,然而隨亦進為錦衣僉事,終後之世皆無恙。
正德元年(1506年)十二月,汪氏薨逝,終年80歲。帝臣議祭葬禮。大學士王鏊建議道:「以妃嬪之禮入葬,祭祀以皇后之禮。」遂合葬汪氏于金山景泰陵。正德二年(1507年),明武宗上尊謚曰「貞惠安和景皇后」。南明弘光帝即位,改上諡號「孝淵肅懿貞惠安和輔天恭聖景皇后」。
子女
• 固安公主
• 二公主(修行未嫁)
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